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胸椎
学习目标
完成本学习单元后，你将能够：
- 辨认和命名每一块胸椎椎骨。
- 描述典型胸椎的特征。
- 熟悉胸椎的关节和韧带。
浏览图谱
胸椎由12块椎骨组成，自上而下依次标记为T1~T12。其中T2~T9为典型胸椎，其余为非典型胸椎。
12块胸椎均具有椎骨的典型结构，包括椎体、椎弓及多个突起。胸椎共同形成前凸的曲线，称为胸曲。
此外，每块胸椎均通过肋椎关节与一对肋骨相连，从而构成胸廓——即胸腔的骨性结构。
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/3565/4rgNCvfG1VWyBobXue65uA_typical-thoracic-vertebra_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
请仔细观察图谱中胸椎的解剖特征。
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/thoracic-vertebrae/1fBUPWbpvDDwMRYg92FLRw_j7LbfxmYrP_Vertebrae_thoracicae_02.png "胸椎 (Thoracic vertebrae)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/corpus-vertebrae/tCbG1lkdKw1rtqzGxuQ_zGDCz3nDo7_Corpus_vertebrae_1.png "椎体 (Vertebral body)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/foramen-vertebrale/zVO4VkAgsNvrSYUe05A6gQ_ieHsssMDJ9_Foramen_vertebrale_1.png "椎孔 (Vertebral foramen)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/pediculus-arcus-vertebrae/rbzfiLuPB0lDAffAs1arg_7zK9equbpC_Pediculus_arcus_vertebrae_1.png "椎弓根 (Pedicle of vertebral arch)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/lamina-arcus-vertebrae/4XljarX2zaxxUyh8xGaDOA_i6PyaimZKg_Lamina_arcus_vertebrae_1.png "椎弓板 (Lamina of vertebral arch)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/processus-spinosus/c1kf0WxXzuloXnIefQLqAg_Wxg5KxHxps_Processus_spinosus_1.png "椎骨棘突 (Spinous process of vertebra)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/processus-transversus/qwGpSXFRbnLZj7nRPtNJdg_Transverse_process.png "椎骨横突 (Transverse process of vertebra)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/fovea-costalis-processus-transversi/PwDPWRJW7j0kaRhXhgB8g_Rs6cBJNYJZ_Fovea_costalis_processus_transversi_1.png "横突肋凹 (Costal facet of transverse process)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/superior-costal-fovea/M1KZSnnfHl2MvL0l8BrBA_Uoco2xxRZH_Fovea_costalis_superior_2.png "上肋凹 (Superior costal facet of vertebra)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/fovea-costalis-inferior/b2K1YwxgRCGDNLtLwWzQ_WDGg2xkqfq_Fovea_costalis_inferior_1.png "下肋凹 (Inferior costal facet of vertebra)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/superior-articular-process/XNUrS2SSyEa7axvaVvx9WQ_Processus_articularis_superior_02.png "椎骨上关节突 (Superior articular process of vertebra)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/superior-articular-facet-1/eoOFeoYhrymZ7b8gwSq5Q_superior_articular_facet.png "椎骨上关节面 (Superior articular facet of vertebra)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/processus-articularis-inferior/NoRztayv1Dfjdgghg9Sedg_Processus_articularis_inferior_01.png "下关节突 (Inferior articular process of vertebra)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/facies-articularis-inferior/SB7iKGpk69H5AIGMJ8SZIQ_21DBs9yxq3_Facies_articularis_inferior_1.png "椎骨下关节面 (Inferior articular facet of vertebra)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/intervertebral-joints-1/DQomuZgxUC6IavRmOvMSGw_Intervertebral_joints_5.png "椎骨间连结 (Intervertebral joints)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/intervertebral-disc-4/9r3djBheCUX25bRqkdezDQ_discus_invertebralis.png "椎间盘 (Intervertebral disc)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/rotation-of-the-spine/HmkJbQhBKpQSh48bMA4cQ_spine_rotation.png "脊柱旋转 (Rotation of vertebral column)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
胸椎
Thoracic vertebrae
1/17
同义词：
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小结
| 结构 |
12块胸椎 典型：T2~T9 非典型：T1、T10~T12 |
| 典型胸椎 |
椎体、椎弓、肋凹、棘突、横突、上关节突和下关节突 |
| 非典型胸椎 |
T1：每侧各有一个下肋凹和全肋凹 T10：每侧只有一个上肋凹 T11、T12：每侧各有一个全肋凹，无横突肋凹 |
| 骨连结 |
椎体间连结：相邻椎体之间的连结，如椎间盘 关节突关节：相邻椎体关节突之间的关节 肋头关节：椎体肋凹与肋头之间的关节 肋横突关节：胸椎横突与肋结节之间的关节 |
继续学习
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