Connection lost. Please refresh the page.
立即注册 并领取你的科纳博Kenhub学习指南！
心的概述
学习目标
完成本学习单元的学习后，你将可以：
- 描述心在体内的位置与方位。
- 识别心的周围结构及其与心的毗邻关系。
- 说出构成心周围神经血管系统的血管和神经。
- 阐释心与其他结构的毗邻关系的重要意义。
浏览图谱
心是心血管系统的核心组成部分，为肌性器官，通过肺循环和体循环将血液泵送至全身。研究心本身的结构固然重要，而探究心在体内的解剖毗邻关系能帮助你更深入地理解其功能。这一重要器官位于中纵隔，大部分居于正中矢状面左侧，其前方与胸腺、胸骨相邻，外侧与肺相邻，下方与膈相邻，后上方则与大血管相邻。
心的大小通常与本人的拳头相当，其长轴大致从右肩延伸至左季肋区，位置常被描述为“倾倒的金字塔”。心尖位于左锁骨中线处，朝向前下方向。心的下表面（又称膈面）与膈相贴，平第5~6肋间隙。上缘平第2肋间隙，后部则平第3肋软骨。在临床实践中，听诊心音、进行心肺复苏等急救操作时，明确心的位置与方位具有重要意义。
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/468/hz1t53Ps1S3yiiDIkgsT7g_heart-in-situ-with-pericardium_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/3576/kEYSFLjYeIhs3wrhOUuXQ_heart-in-situ-pericardium-removed_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/663/Avgca3SHi0aAweTmIVri3A_thoracic-surface-of-the-diaphragm_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
快来在下方的图集里近距离观察心及其周围结构吧。
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/pericardium-6/Z7GZCJGeG8PuWHwcXOETYQ_pericardium-6.jpg "心包 (Pericardium)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/thymus/C7owwBYGMhUoTLJi1Dw_thymus.jpg "胸腺 (Thymus)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/diaphragma-2/omw2pgqFVhANHa1SMJPZlQ_diaphragma-2.jpg "膈肌 (Diaphragm)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/pulmonary-trunk/ScSFZtZHM5UlupTiBNJIkg_pulmonary-trunk.jpg "肺动脉干 (Pulmonary trunk)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arcus-aortae-2/sf53w7EYKRVkBhnTqdr9uw_arcus-aortae-2.jpg "主动脉弓 (Aortic arch)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/truncus-brachiocephalicus-3/lRPJTEiu56pY9CxPHEvOOg_truncus-brachiocephalicus-3.jpg "头臂干 (Brachiocephalic trunk)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteria-thoracica-interna-2/agqK7cfCa98sdIWpJZKwQ_arteria-thoracica-interna-2.jpg "胸廓内动脉 (Internal thoracic artery)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteria-subclavia-dextra/Nrkr54KrYqhFlJ8I1BAEw_arteria-subclavia-dextra.jpg "右锁骨下动脉 (Right subclavian artery)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteria-carotis-communis-dextra-2/odDaLKYLcKCjqigsCBHlng__arteria-carotis-communis-dextra-2.jpg "右颈总动脉 (Right common carotid artery)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteria-subclavia-sinistra/k7rUH7hp3Et25wMOM1j5uQ_arteria-subclavia-sinistra.jpg "左锁骨下动脉 (Left subclavian artery)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteria-carotis-communis-sinistra-2/P43znJZDFUMpjXfYOeaSiA_arteria-carotis-communis-sinistra-2.jpg "左颈总动脉 (Left common carotid artery)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-jugularis-interna-dextra-2/ZrCYYJc7zyBl0gP18UZig_vena-jugularis-interna-dextra-2.jpg "右颈内静脉 (Right internal jugular vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-subclavia-dextra/Sr788ROXc8SbHXcRYCXMUA_vena-subclavia-dextra.jpg "右锁骨下静脉 (Right subclavian vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-brachiocephalica-dextra-2/dFQMlk3RHcX5R3vzMIgLA_vena-brachiocephalica-dextra-2.jpg "右头臂静脉 (Right brachiocephalic vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-jugularis-interna-sinistra-2/kwO995LWULFUqItqAP5mmQ_vena-jugularis-interna-sinistra-2.jpg "左颈内静脉 (Left internal jugular vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-subclavia-sinistra/KPAg2bXHel0naom5JsmcQ_vena-subclavia-sinistra.jpg "左锁骨下静脉 (Left subclavian vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-brachiocephalica-sinistra-2/z5tTKsgrN513V7xzGRGiHA_vena-brachiocephalica-sinistra-2.jpg "左头臂静脉 (Left brachiocephalic vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/superior-vena-cava-2/I51CuFuHIYeYBjVdLL0RVQ_superior-vena-cava-2.jpg "上腔静脉 (Superior vena cava)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteria-pericardiacophrenica/lJRSAgSu6envO46czhSrUA_arteria-pericardiacophrenica.jpg "心包膈动脉 (Pericardiacophrenic artery)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-pericardiacophrenica/a8emJOTdGxQT6BDBqJTF2A_vena-pericardiacophrenica.jpg "心包膈静脉 (Pericardiacophrenic vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-vagus-dexter-2/1QLRFtc5vwOxhKQPgDIM2Q_nervus-vagus-dexter-2.jpg "右迷走神经 (Right vagus nerve)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-vagus-sinister-2/pcolRy4tvAob2T6QNNqvg_nervus-vagus-sinister-2.jpg "左迷走神经 (Left vagus nerve)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-phrenicus-2/ZbmBzh8smrS3C7uBinHg_nervus-phrenicus-2.jpg "膈神经 (Phrenic nerve)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-laryngeus-recurrens-sinister-3/tOdaP8hBCwLeG1wtzWV97Q_nervus-laryngeus-recurrens-sinister-3.jpg "左喉返神经 (Left recurrent laryngeal nerve)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
心包
Pericardium
1/24
同义词：
无
进行测验
快来完成下方测验，检验你目前对心原位结构的掌握程度吧！
小结
| 位置与方位 |
位置：中纵隔，大部分居于正中矢状面左侧 方位：长轴从右肩延伸至左季肋区，心尖偏向左侧 |
| 脏器毗邻 |
心包（包绕心的浆膜囊） 胸腺（前方） 肺（外侧） 膈（下方） 食管（后方） |
| 周围神经血管 |
动脉：主动脉弓、头臂干、左/右颈总动脉、左/右锁骨下动脉、胸廓内动脉、心包膈动脉、肺动脉干 静脉：左/右颈内静脉、左/右锁骨下静脉、左/右头臂静脉、上腔静脉、心包膈静脉 神经：左/右迷走神经（第X对脑神经）、左/右膈神经 |
:format(jpeg)/images/article/xin-zang-jie-pou/yh35Prra0VpHLwLZLrEDA_7dpDZkx6EDgihq981V55Qg_Apex_cordis_02-2.png)
立即注册 并领取你的科纳博Kenhub学习指南！
×
扫描二维码关注我们的公众号
