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上颌神经（CN V2）
学习目标
完成本单元学习后，你将能够:
- 描述上颌神经的起源及相关核团。
- 理解上颌神经的通路与行程。
- 识别上颌神经的分支及其分布区域。
浏览图谱
三叉神经（CN V）为混合性脑神经，传导面部皮肤、黏膜和鼻旁窦感觉及支配咀嚼肌运动。三叉神经主干自脑桥以感觉根发出，并迅速膨大为三叉神经节，发出三条分支：眼神经（V1）、上颌神经（V2）和下颌神经（V3）。
上颌神经自三叉神经节前部发出，由一般躯体传入（感觉）纤维构成，经海绵窦外侧壁，穿圆孔进入翼腭窝，发出大部分分支，再经眶下裂入眶，发出终末支，即眶下神经。通过其复杂的行程，上颌神经分布于下睑、颧部隆起部位、部分颞区、鼻翼及上唇的皮肤。
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/274/yHB8D572dSe0bdBwv7mTg_maxillary-nerve_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/2578/g09oCpwanDRb7PWO5P0JQQ_nerves-of-pterygopalatine-fossa_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
请在下方图谱中探索上颌神经的分支。
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/sensory-root-of-trigeminal-nerve-2/JC329FPqNNP9KZMwVauoRA_Untitled.001.jpeg "三叉神经感觉根 (Sensory root of trigeminal nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ganglion-trigeminale-2/vw2cOyOS2bDyaNtvVEghQ_Ganglion_trigeminale_01.png "三叉神经节 (Trigeminal ganglion)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-maxillaris-2/g2x3SH1f58eGwjIldnhZXA_N._maxillaris_01.png "上颌神经 (Maxillary nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ramus-meningeus-nervi-maxillaris/LiARURsgfDBY2YvvwXQxw_AMR39ubBHW3cxEG0YobDA_R._meningeus_m01.png "上颌神经脑膜支 (Meningeal branch of maxillary nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-zygomaticus-2/MQp86yEeal0GUTYjTiZZ0w_N._zygomaticus_2.png "颧神经 (Zygomatic nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ramus-communicans-nervi-lacrimalis-cum-nervo-zygomatico-2/OVPOxg1Fq632qpOvCiw_R._communicans_N._zygomaticus_N._lacrimalis_m01.png "颧神经与泪腺神经交通支 (Communicating branch of zygomatic nerve to lacrimal nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/radix-sensoria-ganglii-pterygopalatini/lEFLkB2jDlrYweiIz8E3Q_Rr._ganglionares_m01.png "上颌神经至翼腭神经节分支 (Branches of maxillary nerve to pterygopalatine ganglion)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ganglion-pterygopalatinum-2/TDsXN0ZOWNskq9GiyJIQ_Ganglion_pterygopalatinum_01.png "翼腭神经节 (Pterygopalatine ganglion)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-nasopalatinus-2/Brww0xii3StyntCfx6TNA_Rr._nasales_m01.png "鼻腭神经 (Nasopalatine nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervi-palatini/PpQr9NRMFzSabmOgtkQg6g_Palatine_nerve.png "腭神经 (Palatine nerves)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-pharyngeus/aF6JUDPNjxUuu7cRc2z8Kg_R._pharyngeus_m01.png "咽神经 (Pharyngeal nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-alveolaris-superior-posterior/Y43wo6wE2YDm9pX2dPhtfw_N._alveolaris_superior_posterior_2.png "上牙槽后神经 (Posterior superior alveolar nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-infraorbitalis-3/hUEmeLWTr9PTVWNe29osig_nervus-infraorbitalis-3.png "眶下神经 (Infraorbital nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-alveolaris-superior-medius/rkkrWjiv3gqgdnxBZF9eQ_N._alveolaris_superior_medius_2.png "上牙槽中神经 (Middle superior alveolar nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-alveolaris-superior-anterior/35hy5tiixgbPM5jbJ5Hq5g_N._alveolaris_superior_anterior_01.png "上牙槽前神经 (Anterior superior alveolar nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/plexus-dentalis-superior/OWdmfjsWsARxro0UTVtuvw_Plexus_dentalis_superior_2.png "上牙丛 (Superior dental plexus)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/rami-dentales-superiores/5rTrxJ9LvVWJ5XAQSh5iCQ_Rr._dentales_superior_2.png "上牙槽神经牙支 (Dental branches of superior alveolar nerves)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
三叉神经感觉根
Sensory root of trigeminal nerve
1/17
同义词：
无
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/pterygopalatine-ganglion-6/1hAlNVaneRxhF97L7bfQ_Pterygopalatine_ganglion_m.png "翼腭神经节 (Pterygopalatine ganglion)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/sensory-root-of-pterygopalatine-ganglion-1/QR0XrX3Y4h8Z0An08c5ZA_Ganglionic_branches_m.png "上颌神经至翼腭神经节分支 (Branches of maxillary nerve to pterygopalatine ganglion)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/pharyngeal-nerve-1/IHlgutIWXl8G1C9VfHoodA_Pharyngeal_nerve_m.png "咽神经 (Pharyngeal nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nasopalatine-nerve-3/RtN8II81VPULzuUbVaosSw_Nasopalatine_nerve_m.png "鼻腭神经 (Nasopalatine nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/palatine-nerves-1/ki0ageMgX7nyflqPnohkA_Palatine_nerve_m.png "腭神经 (Palatine nerves)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-nasalis-posterior-superior/SfR7DlYxnVGgVqVzkVX4Q_Posterior_superior_nasal_nerve_01.png "上颌神经鼻后上外侧支 (Lateral superior posterior nasal branches of maxillary nerve)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/orbital-branches-of-maxillary-nerve/8NUgWfHXPCMNbwKHPY3lQ_Orbital_branches_m.png "翼腭神经节眶支 (Orbital branches of pterygopalatine ganglion)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
翼腭神经节
Pterygopalatine ganglion
1/7
同义词：
无
进行测验
通过一个小测验来巩固你所学的关于上颌神经的所有知识吧！
小结
| 结构与特征 |
纤维：一般躯体传入纤维 起源：三叉神经节 出颅部位：圆孔 相关神经核：感觉核（三叉神经中脑核、三叉神经脑桥核、三叉神经脊束核）、三叉神经运动核 相关神经节：三叉神经节、翼腭神经节 |
| 分支 |
直接发自上颌神经的分支： |
| 功能 | 分布下睑皮肤、颧部、部分颞区、鼻翼及上唇 |
继续学习
相关教材
:format(jpeg)/images/article/12-dui-nao-shen-jing/sjBd79dMtS7FCU19vlE44A_12_cranial_nerves.png)
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