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盆底和会阴的肌肉
学习目标：
完成本学习单元后，你将能够：
- 辨认并命名构成盆底和会阴的肌。
- 描述这些肌肉的附着和支配特点。
- 理解盆底肌的解剖毗邻。
浏览图谱
盆底由碗状或漏斗状的盆膈构成，盆膈由肛提肌和尾骨肌以及它们的筋膜构成。从结构来看，盆底分隔盆腔和会阴；从功能来看，这些盆底肌承托盆腔脏器，使其保持在正常位置，防止牵拉后下垂。它也辅助控制排尿排便。
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/447/MBy0kNIx3Rz3FOIeU8DsA_muscles-of-the-pelvic-floor_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
让我们测验下列盆底肌的解剖学功能，附着以及毗邻吧！
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-levator-ani/uDjw9kOvwCYFzOU28QIogA_Levator_ani_01.png "肛提肌 (Levator ani muscle)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-puborectalis/dn2knceEA3XEU0SOmeJA_uborectalis_01.png "耻骨直肠肌 (Puborectalis muscle)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-pubococcygeus/h9dHsHZwzY33EASZ3z2lw_Pubococcygeus_01.png "耻尾肌 (Pubococcygeus muscle)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-iliococcygeus/4wqzNmDoRTz00RpRyKZ9g_Iliococcygeus_01.png "髂尾肌 (Iliococcygeus muscle)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-transversus-perinei-profundus/23bWiRVJ3rmJ2YR5AcnfQ_Deep_transverse_perineal_01.png "女性会阴深横肌 (Deep transverse perineal muscle (female))；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-transversus-perinei-superficialis/P3BA95oz1JjDx0xCT2Q7ow_Superficial_transverse_perineal_01.png "会阴浅横肌 (Superficial transverse perineal muscle)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-sphincter-ani-externus/DAjvsieOXq1cKv6t8m7GQ_External_anal_sphincter_01.png "肛门外括约肌 (External anal sphincter)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-sphincter-urethrae-externus/qeuRoYcofFs91JuldSUOg_External_urethral_sphincter__female_.png "女性尿道外括约肌 (Female external urethral sphincter)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/compressor-urethrae-muscle-1/Z1vtm8iJeXVmslZHNyMC6w_Compressor_urethra-magni.png "尿道压迫肌 (Compressor urethrae muscle)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/sphincter-urethrovaginalis/bbFtCFJcgkvZTnRIPQmAKQ_Urethrovaginalis_muscle-magni.png "尿道阴道肌 (Sphincter urethrovaginalis)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-bulbospongiosus/9RVCjT9b6xDOkXBdk5sh2A_Bulbospongiosus_01.png "女性球海绵体肌 (Bulbospongiosus muscle (female))；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-ischiocavernosus/8poMwbEbtjY7fbE0SIQn1w_Ischiocavernosus_01.png "女性坐骨海绵体肌 (Ischiocavernosus muscle (female))；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-coccygeus/GJEqBx0Mc2i5kkAGg19g_Coccygeus_01.png "尾骨肌 (Coccygeus muscle)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-obturatorius-internus-2/dobffjhAQxN48gp9tXupw_Obturatorius_internus_01.png "闭孔内肌 (Obturator internus muscle)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-piriformis-2/cURTonTnapQdMsn1BGDnmw_Piriformis_01.png "梨状肌 (Piriformis muscle)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/external-urethral-sphincter/JoEd3s8dTua8qSzyaardAw_External_urethral_sphincter__female_-4.png "女性尿道外括约肌 (Female external urethral sphincter)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/female-external-urethral-sphincter-proper-1/iosPl83yFBvJuRBPc0Scvw_External_urethral_sphincter_proper__female_-4-magni.png "女性尿道外括约肌 (Female external urethral sphincter (proper))；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/compressor-urethrae-muscle-3/zy8spaTROQdkMIhEt6LQ_Compressor_urethra-4-magni.png "尿道压迫肌 (Compressor urethrae muscle)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/sphincter-urethrovaginalis-2/Aq9awXjtX2ziRGs0pMBzEg_Urethrovaginalis_muscle-4-magni.png "尿道阴道肌 (Sphincter urethrovaginalis)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
肛提肌
Levator ani muscle
1/19
同义词：
无
进行测验
学习上述图谱后，准备好通过下面的测验巩固知识了吗？
小结
| 盆膈 |
肛提肌： 耻骨直肠肌（耻骨肛门肌），耻尾肌和髂尾肌 尾骨肌（坐骨尾骨肌） |
| 会阴肌 |
会阴深隙：会阴深横肌，尿道外括约肌 （女性： 尿道外固有括约肌，尿道逼尿肌，尿道阴道肌） 会阴浅隙：会阴浅横肌，球海绵体肌，坐骨海绵体肌 肛门三角： 肛门外括约肌 |
继续学习
相关教材
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