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心血管系统
学习目标
完成本学习单元后，你将能够：
- 识别心血管系统的主要分支。
- 理解动脉和静脉的解剖学差异。
- 掌握心血管系统各组成部分的主要功能。
观看视频
心血管系统由心脏、血管和循环流动在其中的血液构成。心脏的主要功能是将血液泵入血管系统。血管分为静脉、动脉和毛细血管，静脉将血液回流至心脏，动脉将血液从心脏输送至组织。血液负责运输气体、营养物质、电解质、代谢产物及激素，以维持机体稳态。血管系统由两套循环组成：
- 肺循环：负责心脏和肺之间的血液循环
- 体循环：负责心脏和外周组织之间的血液循环
本视频教程将为你概述心血管系统的解剖结构与功能。
进行测验
在看完心血管系统相关视频后，继续进行测验巩固知识。
想调整学习重点并选择测验内容？快来试试我们的个性化测验吧！
浏览图谱
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利用心血管系统图谱进行知识复习。
心血管系统
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主动脉
Aorta
1/14
同义词：
无
体循环动脉
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体循环静脉
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:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-radialis/vXMg007X78lrLWv8BsE79A_radial-veins-magni.jpg "桡静脉 (Radial veins)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-cava-inferior-13/trnGhuONzLZfIzyEx0LeQQ_inferior-vena-cava-magni.jpg "下腔静脉 (Inferior vena cava)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-hepatica-2/6IIXe3UlpsXEml7ibGZnA_hepatic-veins-magni.jpg "肝静脉 (Hepatic veins)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-portae-hepatis-8/bNwFVEwtPTWgOmbtqtT4iw_hepatic-portal-vein-magni.jpg "肝门静脉 (Hepatic portal vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-splenica/8q6qMbTI4NUmCY2aqsmR3Q_splenic-vein-magni.jpg "脾静脉 (Splenic vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-renalis/A4AzoPQw6tcQdXBs4zeyGw_renal-vein-magni.jpg "肾静脉 (Renal vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-mesenterica-superior-6/pHmEzQA70mC1mBOhJE68FA_superior-mesenteric-vein-magni.jpg "肠系膜上静脉 (Superior mesenteric vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-mesenterica-inferior-3/wL1ziMfAMGGdBw8IeE2Ssg_inferior-mesenteric-vein-magni.jpg "肠系膜下静脉 (Inferior mesenteric vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-ovarica-2/PsY34EazWZAUkcERmQ6kpw_ovarian-vein-magni.jpg "卵巢静脉 (Ovarian vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-iliaca-communis-2/Kq7IV4NjuSY8oYYDBZk8w_common-iliac-vein-magni.jpg "髂总静脉 (Common iliac vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-iliaca-externa-4/X9t6VvCBfEprNo7LE326gg_external-iliac-vein-magni.jpg "髂外静脉 (External iliac vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/internal-iliac-vein/hTSDZ8SH50C0guDB0gKow_internal-iliac-vein.jpg "髂内静脉 (Internal iliac vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-iliaca-interna-2/Ipd6H1FIs8cBNrwnj7w_internal-iliac-vein-magni.jpg "髂内静脉 (Internal iliac vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-femoralis-3/TfAmC8b7MeUvyp9M0c9p4g_femoral-vein-magni.jpg "股静脉 (Femoral vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/deep-femoral-vein/eDJlrJ03KRS6gRogsVbkg_deep-femoral-vein-magni.jpg "股深静脉 (Deep femoral vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-saphena-magna/gsKXme3ufoGIukt5fJiA_great-saphenous-vein-magni.jpg "大隐静脉 (Great saphenous vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/popliteal-vein-2/zNjX4lUZGAHPbBjRqLQA_Popliteal_vein.jpg "腘静脉 (Popliteal vein)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-saphena-parva-2/CpUATMDsXCouwfhni5CRw_small-saphenous-vein-magni.jpg "小隐静脉 (Small saphenous vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-tibialis-anterior/dh2tkJ5GVKvGktZ9tPt45A_anterior-tibial-vein-magni.jpg "胫前静脉 (Anterior tibial vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-tibialis-posterior/zFNMrPdNVmc0PVfR7T6Q_Posterior_tibial_vein.jpg "胫后静脉 (Posterior tibial veins)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
小结
血管系统 |
动脉：将血液从心脏输送至器官和组织毛细血管的血管 |
| 肺循环 | 由动静脉共同组成，负责将静脉血从心脏输送至肺部，同时将动脉血从肺部返回心脏 |
| 体循环 | 由动静脉共同组成，负责将动脉血从心脏输送至外周组织，同时将静脉血从外周组织返回心脏的循环路径 |
| 冠脉循环 | 体循环的一部分，负责心脏的供血和静脉回流 |
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