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脾脏的结构
学习目标
完成本学习单元后，你将能够：
- 描述脾的位置及其与邻近器官的毗邻关系。
- 识别脾的各部分和体表标志。
- 熟悉该器官的结构和主要功能。
浏览图谱
脾是一个质软、脆弱的腹膜内位器官，大小约与拳头相当，外覆纤维弹性被膜。它位于腹部左上腹（左季肋区），平对第9～11肋，胃的后方，左侧膈肌和肋膈隐窝的前方。脾在免疫系统中发挥重要作用，参与体液免疫和细胞免疫应答。
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/504/KxU24tmpo6J7X3WAy4POg_surface-anatomy-of-the-spleen_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/3596/V6iBptahZpPQtSk2UteyTw_cross-section-of-the-spleen_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
通过我们的图集回顾之前学过的关于脾的所有知识：
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/margo-superior-splenica/wBorqpiaQmaFhJ5cUIPH8g_Margo_superior_01.png "脾上缘 (Superior border of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/margo-inferior-splenica/iwbJQSc0r8hqKafDFXAbWQ_Margo_inferior_01.png "脾下缘 (Inferior border of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/extremitas-anterior-splenica/KBOvbx0jVnm9sn84I1fw_Extremitas_anterior_01.png "脾前端 (Anterior extremity of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/extremitas-posterior-splenica/1JLaEiQLtrvW1wWeTsi4xw_Extremitas_posterior_01.png "脾后端 (Posterior extremity of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/facies-diaphragmatica-splenica/V3432vDTyrq8pNzdFwTL3w_Facies_diaphragmatica_01.png "脾膈面 (Diaphragmatic surface of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/facies-gastrica-splenica/IFvH77ljjxZaqmz1ETR4rQ_Facies_gastrica_01.png "脾胃压迹 (Gastric impression of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/facies-colica-splenica/0cmGlgxU88ily352q0Xqtg_Facies_colica_01.png "脾结肠压迹 (Colic impression of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/facies-renalis-splenica/P2tW2lShEzdJflQQEjl2RA_Facies_renalis_01.png "脾肾压迹 (Renal impression of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/hilum-splenicum/ghxcbrbAqgOIJDzZUkwD8Q_Hilium_01.png "脾门 (Hilum of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteria-splenica-3/cjLYZCG8ZRp2JPe26oWBog_A._lienalis_01.png "脾动脉 (Splenic artery)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-splenica-vena-lienalis/K7I7hX5uJC0vcp4ASHRw_V._lienalis_01.png "脾静脉 (Splenic vein)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ligamentum-gastrosplenicum-2/71CjSePOD2DZqPh68mSfw_Lig._gastrosplenicum_01.png "胃脾韧带 (Gastrosplenic ligament)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ligamentum-splenorenale/DMG0W1BQO1bS88J59KoPmA_Lig._splenorenale_01.png "脾肾韧带 (Splenorenal ligament)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/capsula-fibrosa-splenica/tYKR6Lh47OE4OIQF2cxxA_Capsula_fibrosa_01.png "脾纤维囊 (Fibrous capsule of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/pulpa-splenica/D0ePTdPsFJh01w0XOzPNA_Pulpa_splenica_01.png "脾髓 (Splenic pulp)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/trabeculae-splenicae/YbJhxmQ1t8Zg63SgxX1rvw_Trabelculae_splenicae_01.png "脾小梁 (Splenic trabeculae)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/trabecular-arteries/YoeovGk3mQxZktdozDeyQ_A._trabecularis_02.png "小梁动脉 (Trabecular artery of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/venae-trabeculares/9ZJ6muZ3RnqVvtdr9jTfQ_V._trabecularis_01.png "小梁静脉 (Trabecular vein of spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
脾上缘
Superior border of spleen
1/18
同义词：
脾上方边界
进行测验
通过以下测验来检验你对脾的掌握程度：
小结
| 定义 | 腹膜内位淋巴器官，位于腹部左侧，膈的下方 |
| 脾的毗邻关系 |
外上方：膈 前内侧：胃 后下方：左肾（和左肾上腺上极） 下极：结肠左曲 |
| 神经血管支配 |
动脉供血：脾动脉 静脉引流：脾静脉 淋巴引流：腹腔淋巴结 神经支配：腹腔丛 |
继续学习
相关教材
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