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肝脏概览
学习目标
学完本单元，你将能够：
- 描述肝脏的结构与功能，包括肝叶及肝裂。
- 识别与肝脏相关的韧带。
- 熟悉肝脏在腹腔内的位置。
- 理解肝脏的解剖毗邻关系。
浏览图谱
肝脏是胃肠道最大的实质性附属器官，具有代谢、内分泌和外分泌功能。它主要位于右季肋区和腹上区，小部分延伸至左季肋区。它分为肝右叶、肝左叶、方叶和尾状叶。肝脏表面除裸区（与膈相贴）外，均被脏腹膜覆盖，因此可分为膈面和脏面。肝脏的位置决定了它与体内诸多器官及结构相毗邻：
- 上方：膈
- 前方：第7～11肋、腹前壁
- 后下方：食管、右肾及肾上腺、结肠右曲、小网膜、十二指肠、胆囊、胃
肝脏借下列韧带固定位置：冠状韧带、左三角韧带、右三角韧带、镰状韧带、肝圆韧带、静脉韧带及小网膜。
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/3/bAqhdbzsf8deKTwVa8Px6w_liver-in-situ_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
请在本图集中逐一分析各结构，以复习所学内容。
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/liver-4/RfCe3HyoaezUoj2t6TCw_Liver.png "肝 (Liver)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/facies-diaphragmatica-hepatis/6Ia4BNueqqU7FtZw5pVrw_Diaphragma_facies_hepatica_01.png "肝膈面 (Diaphragmatic surface of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/right-lobe-of-liver-2/MjM9GclywmTpDNSraOD0uA_Lobus_hepatis_dexter.png "肝右叶 (Right lobe of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/left-lobe-of-liver-2/rf5EqbhCybSFWC71pECA_Lobus_hepatis_sinister.png "肝左叶 (Left lobe of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/lobus-quadratus-2/X4OqwVxzUZlvJK4Idz3g_Quadrate_lobe.png "肝方叶 (Quadrate lobe of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/lobus-hepatis-caudatus-2/msVhDe6WpPnouD4jVnLgQ_Caudate_lobe_of_the_liver.png "肝尾状叶 (Caudate lobe of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/caudate-process-of-liver-2/I7bc76n3cSzOcusNuVInA_Caudate_process_of_the_liver.png "肝尾状突 (Caudate process of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/porta-hepatis/fkSPce10BHxHbiEeVW5cMQ_Porta_hepatis.png "肝门 (Porta hepatis)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ligamentum-coronarium-hepatis/cNgrGYsqvPHF01TyG12w_Ligamentum_coronarium_hepatis.png "肝冠状韧带前部 (Anterior part of coronary ligament of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ligamentum-falciforme-hepatis-2/TKQWNvEyErKC9GL0c4EiuA_Ligamentum_falciforme_hepatis.png "肝镰状韧带 (Falciform ligament of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/round-ligament-of-liver-2/AVmMWlIkDTPaB0ehEvpJUg_Ligamentum_teres_hepatis_magnified.png "肝圆韧带 (Round ligament of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ligamentum-triangulare-dextrum-hepatis/GvFdknJwwDWWyLva2Ofg_Ligamentum_triangulare_dextrum_hepatis.png "肝右三角韧带 (Right triangular ligament of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ligamentum-triangulare-sinistrum-hepatis/HfbTfFtWQRERCrGLbJIw_Ligamentum_triangulare_sinistrum_hepatis.png "肝左三角韧带 (Left triangular ligament of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/fibrous-appendix-of-liver/KxzFhq2rkhHco7LsUXSY3g_Appendix_fibrosa_hepatis.png "肝纤维附件 (Fibrous appendix of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/venous-ligament/LUcYrWHlxdWfGrAB5rgQ_Venous_ligament_magnified.png "肝静脉韧带 (Ligamentum venosum of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ligamentum-hepatogastricum/w6m1r9uqcvOQcw9jDrgMtg_Ligamentum_hepatogastricum.png "肝胃韧带 (Hepatogastric ligament)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/hepatoduodenal-ligament-2/eTnV4Y5vuxkeUwRJWllLVA_Ligamentum_hepatoduodenale.png "肝十二指肠韧带 (Hepatoduodenal ligament)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/omentum-minus/N9XnJBK8ZEXiTvDXO4zHiA_Omentum_minus.png "小网膜 (Lesser omentum)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/area-nuda-hepatis-2/L4x5dZHgvsk5jYmjLY1LQ_Bare_area_of_liver.png "肝裸区 (Bare area of liver)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/splen-lien/3uCl4Crc7dqzFQ0gw2A_Splen.png "脾 (Spleen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ostium-cardiacum-oesophagi/EFi9X7S0ZucGnqL7jroHw_Ostium_cardiacum_oesophagi.png "食管腹部 (Abdominal part of esophagus)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vesica-biliaris/UrPhBVGnz8xL94pYMZow_Vesica_biliaris.png "胆囊 (Gallbladder)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/pyloric-part-of-the-stomach-2/VY9V6BJcIh5LMf3ytuScw_Pars_pylorica_ventriculi.png "胃幽门部 (Pyloric part of stomach)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/transverse-colon-3/sTI81n0VTtRYxknJ7VnrIQ_Colon_transversum.png "横结肠 (Transverse colon)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/flexura-coli-dextra-3/kK958iuwCqqXqLBBEp7VOA_Flexura_coli_dextra_magnified.png "结肠右曲 (Right colic flexure)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/flexura-duodenojejunalis/Vi7ih9NCnJvSAk5GXIpZg_Flexura_duodenojejunalis.png "十二指肠空肠曲 (Duodenojejunal flexure)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/superior-part-of-duodenum-2/hpIh3dSBlpjrUrXcgJoYUA_Pars_superior_duodeni.png "十二指肠上部 (Superior part of duodenum)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/foramen-omentale/GCrmf7e7OG9uRUNFjOcaA_Foramen_omentale_magnified.png "网膜孔 (Omental foramen)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/corpus-pancreatis-2/OBi0VKkj9XqIN3KOYDPSpQ_Corpus_pancreatis.png "胰体 (Body of pancreas)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/mesenterium/BMSeThb2a7USECSF364HQ_Mesenterium.png "肠系膜 (Mesentery)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/root-of-transverse-mesocolon/s6ssCmfm35a4v8zbRREZdQ_Radix_mesocoli_transversi.png "横结肠系膜根 (Root of transverse mesocolon)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/omentum-majus/qCQu4DYi8cdLY3KPw1TS0g_Omentum_majus.png "大网膜 (Greater omentum)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
肝
Liver
1/32
同义词：
肝脏
进行测验
通过以下测验检验所学内容：
小结
| 位置 | 右季肋区及腹上区 |
| 解剖结构 |
叶：右叶、左叶、尾状叶、方叶 面：膈面、脏面 裂：主门裂、右门裂、左门裂、脐裂（圆韧带裂、静脉韧带裂） 韧带：冠状韧带、左三角韧带、右三角韧带、镰状韧带、圆韧带、静脉韧带、肝胃韧带、肝十二指肠韧带 |
| 功能 | 代谢、内分泌及外分泌功能（异物生物转化、蛋白质合成、营养物质储存、胆汁生成） |
| 毗邻关系 |
上方：膈 前方：第7～11肋、腹前壁 后下方：食管、胃、胆囊、十二指肠、右肾、右肾上腺、结肠右曲、小网膜 |
继续学习
相关教材
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