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腹壁的神经血管
学习目标
完成本学习单元后，你将能够：
- 了解腹壁及其功能。
- 识别与腹壁相关的动脉、静脉和神经。
- 区分腹前外侧壁与腹后壁的神经血管结构。
浏览图谱
腹壁是一个包裹腹腔的多层结构。其主要功能是保护腹腔脏器、维持腹部稳定性，以及辅助涉及腹内压增加的动作（如咳嗽、呕吐、排便）。腹壁可分为两个主要部分：腹前外侧壁和腹后壁；
- 腹前外侧壁由四层主要结构构成（由浅入深）：皮肤、浅筋膜、肌肉及其相关筋膜、壁腹膜。
- 腹后壁则由腰椎、骨盆带、腹后肌及其相关筋膜构成。主要的血管、神经和器官位于腹后壁的内面。
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/1794/ybO6Su7ZDpa36GTjJIBeg_nerves-and-vessels-of-the-abdominal-wall_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/322/yItMRnI302aOHeNDYCTWxg_arteries-and-veins-of-the-back-lateral-view_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
现在你可以通过我们的图集逐一研究每个结构。
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteria-thoracica-interna/AFy2Xkf0x9wvEjPxOOiLiQ_Internal_thoracic_artery.png "胸廓内动脉 (Internal thoracic artery)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculophrenic-artery/DHAuarSLWfHN71flMQ1zog_Musculophrenic_artery___magni.png "肌膈动脉 (Musculophrenic artery)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/superior-epigastric-artery/TmCmMOp9LgDCP9QwxA7OA_Superior_epigastric_artery.png "腹壁上动脉 (Superior epigastric artery)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteriae-intercostales-posteriores/YfbJOjcIei8RMn8GtPHbQ_Arteriae_intercostales_posteriores_01.png "肋间后动脉 (Posterior intercostal artery)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/subcostal-artery-2/kutrifa1Kwuoc2vSE84Vw_Subcostal_artery___magni.png "肋下动脉 (Subcostal artery)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteria-circumflexa-iliaca-superficialis/hjCxK0CAjlfP6JXZ6aoN7A_Superficial_circumflex_iliac_artery_01.png "旋髂浅动脉 (Superficial circumflex iliac artery)；图像：Rebecca Betts"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-epigastrica-superior/OmG6oDfXQ2nQIOAlWpWA_Superior_epigastric_vein.png "腹壁上静脉 (Superior epigastric vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-epigastrica-superficialis/O6uGU64dj9UBxxLkhuFLiQ_Vena_epigastrica_superficialis_01.png "腹壁浅静脉 (Superficial epigastric vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-epigastrica-inferior/RB7jM4OmYURmEfyuZZ1A_Vena_epigastrica_inferior_01.png "腹壁下静脉 (Inferior epigastric vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-thoracoepigastrica/bHD3LbodUHuUWLU1thifjA_Vena_thoracoepigastrica_01.png "胸腹壁静脉 (Thoracoepigastric vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/deep-circumflex-iliac-vein/6ODntZp5HcLcAogAuLvNpQ_Deep_cricumflex_iliac_veins.png "旋髂深静脉 (Deep circumflex iliac vein)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/venae-intercostales-posteriores/kagfsPyAtkhjHEi9lamk9Q_Posterior_intercostal_veins.png "肋间后静脉 (Posterior intercostal vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-subcostalis/Go1SGmcZetDRsCa5AjxeQ_Subcostal_vein.png "肋下静脉 (Subcostal vein)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ilioinguinal-nerve/TAVNsDP14ueeoxj0qM3HA_Ilioinguinal_nerve.png "髂腹股沟神经 (Ilioinguinal nerve)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/subcostal-nerve/XT5FauksdQqJw8BbJXR0g_Subcostal_nerve.png "肋下神经 (Subcostal nerve)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/iliohypogastric-nerve/m2wlXPvHgCwuUdpsHz62g_Iliohypogastric_nerve.png "髂腹下神经 (Iliohypogastric nerve)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/rami-cutanei-laterales-nervi-intercostales/b7ONNF7ywI8ajPiuYDvrxg_Lateral_cutaneous_branches_of_intercostal_nerves_01.png "肋间神经外侧皮支 (Lateral cutaneous branch of intercostal nerve)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/inferior-epigastric-artery/XBQ9zBqx0ES02N15HwM5ZA_Inferior_epigastric_artery.png "腹壁下动脉 (Inferior epigastric artery)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteria-circumflexa-ilium-profunda/8iZx94lHn6i9uRwiCtQOQQ_Deep_circumflex_iliac_artery_01.png "旋髂深动脉 (Deep circumflex iliac artery)；图像：Rebecca Betts"){kind=logo}
胸廓内动脉
Internal thoracic artery
1/19
同义词：
无
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/abdominal-aorta-15/nwGYCsk7HSMzHBkf8a7Q_Abdominal_aorta.png "腹主动脉 (Abdominal aorta)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/arteriae-phrenicae-inferiores/lvmVAcmOmEQxqyA3awPZw_Aa._phrenicae_inferiores_01.png "膈下动脉 (Inferior phrenic artery)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/lumbar-arteries-2/BoeMTrH9vc0ChEqlkSNjEA_Lumbar_arteries___magni.png "腰动脉 (Lumbar arteries)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/median-sacral-artery/h99grKXVGlgcDh4Hxe4uQ_A._sacralis_mediana_m01.png "骶正中动脉 (Median sacral artery)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/inferior-vena-cava-22/dF8FasKwwGdOZiJ3foxQ_Inferior_vena_cava.png "下腔静脉 (Inferior vena cava)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ascending-lumbar-vein-2/uKCjYnGesUn37LBClDceg_Ascending_lumbar_vein.png "腰升静脉 (Ascending lumbar vein)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/venae-lumbales/CUavvMPtyvYtn1g92SXGw_Venae_lumbales_01.png "腰静脉 (Lumbar veins)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vena-iliaca-communis-2/Kq7IV4NjuSY8oYYDBZk8w_common-iliac-vein-magni.jpg "髂总静脉 (Common iliac vein)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
腹主动脉
Abdominal aorta
1/9
同义词：
无
进行测验
现在你已经学习了关于腹壁神经血管的图谱，来做测验检验一下你的知识吧。
小结
| 动脉 | 胸廓内动脉及其分支（肌膈动脉、腹壁上动脉）、第10和第11肋间后动脉、肋下动脉、腹壁下动脉、旋髂深动脉、旋髂浅动脉、腹壁浅动脉 |
| 静脉 | 腹壁浅静脉、腹壁上静脉、腹壁下静脉、胸腹壁静脉、肋下静脉 |
| 神经 | 胸腹神经、第7-11肋间神经外侧皮支、肋下神经、髂腹下神经、髂腹股沟神经 |
| 动脉 | 腹主动脉及其分支（肋下动脉、膈下动脉、腰动脉、骶正中动脉） |
| 静脉 | 下腔静脉及其属支（膈下静脉、腰静脉、髂总静脉） |
| 神经 | 主动脉丛和动脉周围神经丛 |
继续学习
相关教材
:format(jpeg)/images/article/fu-bi/vte9Sm3bUXOZsBI9lmperg_IJrOr5QLKvh3pcX2eqDX2g_Musculus_obliquus_externus_abdominis_01.png)
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