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肱骨和肩胛骨
学习目标
完成本学习单元后，你将学会：
- 详细描述肱骨和肩胛骨的组成部分、表面结构和骨性标志。
- 概述盂肱关节（肩关节）的解剖知识。
- 列举并描述固定肱骨和肩胛骨的韧带。
观看视频
肱骨是构成手臂骨性结构的长骨，肩胛骨则是上肢带骨中的扁骨。肱骨与肩胛骨相互连结形成盂肱关节（肩关节），这也是人体最灵活的关节。这两块骨骼通过多条韧带和肌腱紧密相连。
本视频教程帮助你详细学习肱骨和肩胛骨的解剖结构。
进行测验
参加测验以巩固你的知识。
想要进行内容更广泛的主题测验，可以尝试个性化测验：
通过以下练习进一步学习肩胛骨的组成部分。
浏览图谱
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利用图谱来深入学习这个主题吧。
肱骨
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肱骨
Humerus
1/42
同义词：
无
肩胛骨
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:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/collum-scapulae/VW8qE1Mdd5n3Vu1Lm1Qw_collum-scapulae_magni.png "肩胛颈 (Neck of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
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:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/angulus-inferior-scapulae/nzl7SEO7Tarj2XJrza7lg_Angulus_inferior_scapulae_01_.png "肩胛骨下角 (Inferior angle of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/scapula-27/rjUqR11CTuDbU9QMJmAWQ_Scapula-posterior.png "肩胛骨 (Scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/root-of-spine-of-scapula/pGTRWV6vllh8EvTkpOYw6A_root-of-spine-of-scapula.png "肩胛冈根部 (Root of spine of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/spina-scapulae/LTvXCpIwuifLQn6yVlzKg_spina-scapulae.png "肩胛冈 (Spine of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/deltoid-tubercle-of-scapula/KPxFfXGqMbVEn01mny2yg_Deltoid_tubercle_of_scapula_magni.png "三角肌粗隆 (Deltoid tubercle of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/fossa-supraspinata/ecIL7JnxMksVFavTB9eCw_fossa-supraspinata.png "冈上窝 (Supraspinous fossa of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/fossa-infraspinata/k2UUOKA1jaSDpMB0TUdLCA_xvEuxTQagS_Fossa_infraspinata_1.png "冈下窝 (Infraspinous fossa of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/acromion-2/z2mClBkHkD47SiZH5eY36g_acromion-2_magni.png "肩峰 (Acromion of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/medial-border-of-the-scapula/c4vaDMiU0ybz0HPi6DI2mA_medial-border-of-the-scapulaq.png "肩胛骨内侧缘 (Medial border of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/superior-border-of-the-scapula/s9LiCBVaDK0Vu9xDmChiQ_superior-border-of-the-scapula_magni.png "肩胛上缘 (Superior border of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/suprascapular-notch-1/GvkdqqdH9TggKLdEUSBw_Incisura_scapulae_magni.png "肩胛切迹 (Scapular notch)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/coracoid-process/QBeGtiRvUY6HjTnx7qjkw_coracoid-process_magni.png "肩胛骨喙突 (Coracoid process of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/neck-of-the-scapula/3SLhv3RZ1leGLBqG0NTSHg_neck-of-the-scapula_magni.png "肩胛颈 (Neck of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/lateral-border-of-the-scapula/3FTqSWY03pdglGnIETJXw_lateral-border-of-the-scapula.png "肩胛骨外侧缘 (Lateral border of scapula)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
肩关节与韧带
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/articulatio-humeri/TuOYNdu9NRUYtoUGMV9M6A_Shoulder_joint_1.png "盂肱关节 (Glenohumeral joint)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/glenohumeral-ligament/fTqDdY7YAvxN3DGrIfwxIA_Glenohumeral_ligaments.png "盂肱韧带 (Glenohumeral ligaments)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/superior-glenohumeral-ligament/xe2wdD33Y18yaazF2ZkCg_Superior_glenohumeral_ligament_.png "盂肱上韧带 (Superior glenohumeral ligament)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/middle-glenohumeral-ligament/jFPnkGrnQuL3jfuwOW80HA_Middle_glenohumeral_ligament.png "盂肱中韧带 (Middle glenohumeral ligament)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/inferior-glenohumeral-ligament/kBFJaPEW9m3aLGbLYnezA_Inferior_glenohumeral_ligament_.png "盂肱下韧带 (Inferior glenohumeral ligament)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/coracohumeral-ligament/LlGuHdNf0BhP8alObWA6ZA_Coracohumeral_ligament_magni.png "喙肱韧带 (Coracohumeral ligament)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/glenohumeral-capsule/k20HIpamUTSUvBMeGcuzA_Articular_capsule_of_glenohumeral_joint_.png "盂肱关节囊 (Articular capsule of glenohumeral joint)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/glenoid-labrum-of-scapula-4/tAUbMW4fM1VFUSYJR0oEgw_Glenoid_labrum_of_scapula.png "肩胛骨盂唇 (Glenoid labrum of scapula)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ligamentum-coracoclaviculare/Wviyodz2L9s0cCTIK65hAA_Ligamentum_coracoclaviculare_01.png "喙锁韧带 (Coracoclavicular ligament)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ligamentum-coracoacromiale/NpaHj5rX8Ln3kjX7utqcQ_pV11Rt2iRy_Ligamentum_coracoacromiale_1.png "喙肩韧带 (Coracoacromial ligament)；图像：Yousun Koh"){kind=logo}
小结
近端 |
肱骨头 解剖颈 外科颈 大结节 小结节 结节间沟（大结节嵴、小结节嵴） |
肱骨体 |
面：前内侧面、前外侧面、后面 缘：前缘、外侧缘、后缘 骨性标志：外侧髁上嵴、内侧髁上嵴、桡神经沟、髁上突 |
远端 |
外上髁 内上髁（尺神经沟） 肱骨髁：肱骨小头、滑车、鹰嘴窝、冠突窝、桡窝 |
| 面 |
肋面：肩胛下窝 后面：肩胛冈、冈盂切迹、冈上窝、冈下窝、肩峰 |
| 缘 | 内侧缘 外侧缘 上缘：肩胛切迹，喙突 |
| 角 | 上角 内角 外侧角：关节盂、盂上结节、盂下结节、肩胛颈 |
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