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人体运动类型
学习目标
通过本单元的学习，你将可以：
- 熟练运用描述人体主要运动类型的专业术语。
- 描述人体主要关节负责的运动方式。
观看视频
我们的肌肉骨骼系统具有驱动身体在空间移动的功能，从而使我们能够与周围环境互动。这些运动发生在滑膜关节处，是肌肉作用于骨骼的结果。每种运动都有特定的术语来描述，以便准确传达关节的运动方式。
通过以下视频学习人体的各种运动类型。
进行测验
观看视频以后，通过以下测验来检验你对人体运动知识的掌握程度。
想要更进一步的挑战，定制涵盖更广范围主题的测验。
浏览图谱
头、颈和躯干的运动
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:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/depression-of-mandible/h1SpMUi4SrWADFKeJcziAQ_Depression_of_mandible.png "下颌下降 (Depression of mandible)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/protraction-of-mandible/lDK6tY7IeHYNVnD0oqYZRQ_Protraction_of_mandible.png "下颌前进 (Protraction of mandible)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/retraction-of-mandible/Oxo7Z4tvJWmGk4j6EeJKQ_Retraction_of_mandible.png "下颌后退 (Retraction of mandible)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/extension-of-neck/A8Z6ElfivptjLuY5Hem8lg_Extension_of__neck.png "颈伸 (Extension of neck)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/flexion-of-neck/bRPl60AVcz6QIB9CahPn4A_Flexion_of_neck.png "颈屈 (Flexion of neck)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/rotation-of-head/5VVnXzmJ12jinS3t7MCrA_Rotation_of_head.png "头旋转 (Rotation of head)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/extension-of-vertebral-column/vGXbfLLejyrR0rQrI8gtag_Extension_of_vertebral_column.png "脊柱后伸 (Extension of vertebral column)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/lateral-flexion-of-the-neck/lZwJImT4hDeQDO5jBCgXIg_neck1.png "颈部侧屈 (Lateral flexion of neck)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/lateral-flexion-of-the-spine/5KcGasiO4tnyVQuiCOWxw_spine_flexion.png "脊柱侧屈 (Lateral flexion of vertebral column)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/rotation-of-the-spine/HmkJbQhBKpQSh48bMA4cQ_spine_rotation.png "脊柱旋转 (Rotation of vertebral column)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/flexion-of-vertebral-column/rKUvb7AE5zy3rahFkVkS9w_Flexion_of_vertebral_column.png "脊柱前屈 (Flexion of vertebral column)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/elevation-of-scapula/IODKZzrOlLZGYRKOKYMaKw_elevation_of_scapula.png "肩胛骨上提 (Elevation of scapula)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/depression-of-scapula/JZZiSoDCmtvMDUsur4T6g_depression_of_scapula.png "肩胛骨下降 (Depression of scapula)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/protraction-of-scapula/HNsimI0PfDEKjCg0o3Www_protraction_of_scapula.png "肩胛骨前伸 (Protraction of scapula)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/retraction-of-scapula/0YrP27LA1sWWXdG4PWUxw_retraction_of_scapula.png "肩胛骨后缩 (Retraction of scapula)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/upward-rotation-of-scapula/qmLXPmD9YL7hVAgtijIXQ_upward_rotation_of_scapula.png "肩胛骨上回旋 (Upward rotation of scapula)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/downward-rotation-of-scapula/L5goXxsCEHBwFAfdVJADug_downward_rotation_of_scapula.png "肩胛骨下回旋 (Downward rotation of scapula)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
下颌上提
Elevation of mandible
1/18
同义词：
无
上肢的运动
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/extension-of-shoulder/SFT2WUJpkogiO7bevYK4GA_Extension_of_shoulder.png "肩关节伸 (Extension of arm)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/flexion-of-shoulder/EYg81ESQR2BjBlwy2bfz6Q_Flexion_of_shoulder.png "肩关节屈 (Flexion of arm)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/abduction-of-arm/c7KUjGTYbE5wwek0mMwog_Abduction_of_arm.png "臂外展 (Abduction of arm)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/adduction-of-arm/s6O8oXAViAlydUbjMBHhg_Adduction_of_arm.png "臂内收 (Adduction of arm)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/lateral-rotation-of-arm/JbTMga4OaAXO8b3phcYsEQ_Lateral_rotation_of_arm.png "臂旋外 (External rotation of arm)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/internal-rotation-of-arm/6YIgMAMBnWQc7kmPx219Dg_Medial_rotation_of_arm.png "臂旋内 (Internal rotation of arm)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/circumduction-of-upper-limb/TQ3vi24np7eeaLDVSeZuxA_Circumduction__of_upper_limb_.png "臂环转 (Circumduction of arm)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/flexion-of-forearm/ynew4gNNNOY1IlFLwLEN0w_flexion_of_forearm.png "前臂屈曲 (Flexion of forearm)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/extension-of-forearm/0yoTiGMHhD7PfxXMYJ3suw_extrension_of_forearm.png "前臂伸展 (Extension of forearm)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/pronation-of-forearm/lXLk762soEQ2vgnetkurw_Pronation_of_forearm.png "前臂旋前 (Pronation of forearm)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/supination-of-forearm/jFsxndth6mQOBlSFItlNg_Supination_of_forearm.png "前臂旋后 (Supination of forearm)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/flexion-of-hand/PbOS5vSsNDHN65ikxVcuqA_flexion_of_hand.png "手屈 (Flexion of hand)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/extension-of-hand/ac4KVMbzEMqQufaHzI8hQ_extension_of_hand.png "手伸 (Extension of hand)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/radial-flexion/mP2NRAFGEhdTdVxJwrrQ7g_Radial_flexion.png "手桡偏 (Radial flexion of hand)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/unlar-flexion/9qPXVo56LEdjxhLrmjpXwg_Ulnar_flexion.png "手尺偏 (Ulnar flexion of hand)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/abduction-of-fingers/45E8kk77WtQNt93q0Q5iA_Abduction_of_fingers.png "手指外展 (Abduction of fingers)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/adduction-of-fingers/OVlOBdj7sAho3shDZNOog_Adduction_of_fingers.png "手指内收 (Adduction of fingers)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/opposition-of-thumb/rz1BBFbMvne3pmT4qYixg_Thumb_opposition.png "拇指对掌运动 (Opposition of thumb)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/reposition-of-thumb/pff1vMYAq0Smmw8I9MR6OA_Thumb_reposition.png "拇指对掌复位 (Reposition of thumb)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
下肢的运动
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/flexion-of-thigh/Do9mDCGAhi70mlBkrb3ItA_flexion_of_thigh.png "髋关节前屈 (Flexion of thigh)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/extension-of-thigh/pN43EqBmAwn0MyNVtwChQ_extension_of_thigh.png "髋关节伸 (Extension of thigh)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/abduction-of-leg/fu3HTvgYKlJPHY13NoJtAQ_Abduction_of_leg.png "髋关节外展 (Abduction of thigh)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/adduction-of-leg/PnkinDmBoVVK9o33998fA_Adduction_of_leg.png "髋关节内收 (Adduction of thigh)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/lateral-rotation-of-leg/gsvn2FYMn1YuHjmXcsaYiQ_Lateral_rotation_of_leg_.png "髋关节旋外 (External rotation of thigh)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/internal-rotation-of-leg/KCDEWUiL1Y04Mn88xub6g_Medial_rotation_of_leg.png "髋关节旋内 (Internal rotation of thigh)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/circumduction-of-thigh/jFuIK6vgbPomvePKnmpNhA_hip_circumduction.png "髋关节环转 (Circumduction of thigh)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/flexion-of-knee/ldiYtHYtg1S9JtrHjGbC6g_Flexion_of_knee.png "膝关节屈 (Flexion of leg)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/extension-of-knee/NYHFgdghw5A5abWubEkAGg_Extension_of_knee.png "膝关节伸 (Extension of leg)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/plantar-flexion-of-foot/pSP4hyc58sLLh4sFnHH7Q_Plantar_flexion__of_foot_.png "足跖屈 (Plantar flexion of foot)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/dorsiflexion-of-foot/LlG0lRUtlvvuA9A36i5m5Q_Dorsiflexion_of_foot.png "足背屈 (Dorsiflexion of foot)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/eversion-of-foot/JJFVZM3waanu7bd2V5GCmg_Eversion_of_foot.png "足外翻 (Eversion of foot)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/inversion-of-foot/XszmKovpxpQJ7XK3Symlg_Inversion_of_foot.png "足内翻 (Inversion of foot)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
小结
| 人体运动术语 | 屈曲/伸展 外旋/内旋 外展/内收 旋前/旋后 上提/下降 前伸/后缩 跖屈/背屈 外翻/内翻 对掌/复位 侧屈 旋转 环转 |
| 人体主要关节的运动 |
肩关节：屈曲、伸展、外展、内收、内旋、外旋和环转 肘关节：屈曲和伸展 桡尺近侧关节：旋前和旋后 腕关节：屈曲、伸展、内收和外展 髋关节：屈曲、伸展、外展、内收、内旋、外旋和环转 膝关节：屈曲和伸展（屈膝时可进行小幅度的内/外旋） 踝关节：背屈和跖屈 距下关节：内翻和外翻 脊柱：屈曲、伸展、旋转和侧屈（旋转幅度以寰枢关节为最大） 下颌骨：上提、下降、前伸和后缩 肩胛骨：前伸、后缩、上提、下降、上回旋和下回旋 |
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