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舌下神经（CN XII）
学习目标
完成本单元学习后，你将能够：
- 阐述舌下神经的起源及相关核团。
- 理解舌下神经的行程。
- 辨识舌下神经的分支及其分布区域。
浏览图谱
舌下神经（CN XII）主要为运动神经，以一系列根丝的形式自延髓外侧表面、锥体与橄榄之间发出。
舌下神经支配舌的舌外肌（腭舌肌除外，即颏舌肌、舌骨舌肌和茎突舌肌）以及全部舌内肌（舌上纵肌、舌下纵肌、舌横肌和舌垂直肌）运动。
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请查阅图谱集，以进一步详细了解舌下神经的行程、分支及其分布区域。
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nervus-hypoglossus-7/QacsOlhwTcyl5Ebd40uLYA_N._hypoglossus_01.png "舌下神经 (Hypoglossal nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nucleus-nervi-hypoglossi-2/MxxQ7V2TuRGaaeUrFnmNTg_Nucleus_n._hypoglossi_01.png "舌下神经核 (Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/rami-ventrales-nervi-spinales-c1-c3/GLQDc3UiOwEmiYlaC4VZNQ_Rr._ventrales_nn._spinalium_C1_C2_C3_m01.png "第1~3颈神经前支 (Anterior rami of spinal nerves C1-C3)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ansa-cervicalis-3/aUhxnXvwqMeVmDBbjMgOiA_Ansa_cervicale_01.png "颈袢 (Ansa cervicalis)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/radix-superior-ansae-cervicalis/udjHAmRVUL5MJ0EKvX8gg_Radix_superior_ansae_cervialis_m01.png "颈袢上根 (Superior root of ansa cervicalis)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/radix-inferior-ansae-cervicalis/GGy0LX99RLJgWyYIbsRcQ_Radix_inferior_ansae_cerviaclis_m01.png "颈袢下根 (Inferior root of ansa cervicalis)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nerve-to-geniohyoid-muscle/HrbqvOxcsyCacbhryd0Ag_To_gniohyoid.png "舌下神经颏舌骨支 (Geniohyoid branch of hypoglossal nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/nerve-to-thyrohyoid-muscle/MvPf8SvtOXjMuZM9Lg2XUA_to_thyrohyoid_muscle.png "舌下神经甲状舌骨支 (Thyrohyoid branch of hypoglossal nerve)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/lingua-2/vvy00Nnz6kAo3lAStyg8JA_Lingua_01.png "舌 (Tongue)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-genioglossus-2/JJTMQFGMdUYZD7ZC2EkXA_T951_hypoglossal_nerve.png "颏舌肌 (Genioglossus muscle)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-hyoglossus-2/iyW2jApKA40yq21rUB4sA_M._hypoglossus_01.png "舌骨舌肌 (Hyoglossus muscle)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-styloglossus-2/blZjve20i4HCqwjyAlI7A_2.png "茎突舌肌 (Styloglossus muscle)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/palatoglossus-muscle/OvGHTJehTca2hljx3ic74Q_Palatoglossus_muscle_02.png "腭舌肌 (Palatoglossus muscle)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/superior-longitudinal-muscle-of-tongue/YfgI0bcFhNRFSyTOX0xwA_Superior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue_02.png "舌上纵肌 (Superior longitudinal muscle of tongue)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/inferior-longitudinal-muscle-of-tongue/dPyHrcuLCUDTVRzh0RPg_Inferior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue_02.png "舌下纵肌 (Inferior longitudinal muscle of tongue)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vertical-muscle-of-tongue/2eBDbK5SsioJfLpesXnrcQ_Vertical_muscle_of_tongue_02.png "舌垂直肌 (Vertical muscle of tongue)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/transverse-muscle-of-tongue/fexKOuYZ3B3oAutSlYm7w_Transverse_muscle_of_tongue_02.png "舌横肌 (Transverse muscle of tongue)；图像：Begoña Rodriguez"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-omohyoideus-2/44CPeK20bcrfBhDqoEXBQ_M._omohyoidei_01.png "肩胛舌骨肌 (Omohyoid muscle)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-sternohyoideus-2/FvNgjgvRQFBz1oNqpkXFQ_M._sternohyoideus_01.png "胸骨舌骨肌 (Sternohyoid muscle)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/geniohyoid-muscle-1/xDvPFc7ujNcqrOvKTPqiyQ_T951_hypoglossal_nerve.png "颏舌骨肌 (Geniohyoid muscle)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-thyrohyoideus-2/iRr1L7BE4qxq4Nizb7R9zA_M._thyrohyoideus_01.png "甲状舌骨肌 (Thyrohyoid muscle)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-sternothyroideus-2/3xlqnMDnuax9OJMVzc41Og_M._sternothyroideus_01.png "胸骨甲状肌 (Sternothyroid muscle)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
舌下神经
Hypoglossal nerve
1/22
同义词：
第XII对脑神经
进行测验
通过下面的测验来检验你对舌下神经知识的掌握情况。
小结
| 结构与特征 |
纤维：一般躯体传出纤维 起源：延髓（锥体与橄榄体之间） 出颅部位：舌下神经管 相关神经核：舌下神经核 |
| 分支 | 舌下神经的舌支 请注意，虽然下列分支由舌下神经发出，但其纤维源自颈丛（C1至C2）： 脑膜支 颈袢上根 甲状舌骨肌支 颏舌骨肌支 |
| 功能 |
运动支配： 舌外肌：颏舌肌、舌骨舌肌和茎突舌肌 舌内肌：舌上纵肌、舌下纵肌、舌横肌和舌垂直肌 |
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