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泌尿系统
学习目标
通过本单元的学习，你将可以：
- 辨识组成泌尿系统的主要器官。
- 了解上述器官在腹腔和盆腔内的位置。
- 熟悉泌尿系统整体及其各个器官的主要功能。
浏览图谱
泌尿系统可被分为两部分：
- 上尿路，包括肾脏和输尿管。
- 下尿路，包括膀胱和尿道。
泌尿系统各器官协同工作，清除血液中多余的液体和其他废物，形成尿液，并负责其储存、运输和排泄。
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浏览图谱，复习泌尿系统的各组成部分。
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:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ureter-18/RUknCaAQXZMm5E4g4JqtQ_Ureter.png "输尿管 (Ureter)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/abdominal-part-of-ureter/8A023XWFM7czLBaU2C1cQ_Ureter_pars_abdominalis_02.png "输尿管腹部 (Abdominal part of ureter)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/pars-pelvica-ureteris/FefCBZImNcH6upbZvba3g_Ureter_pars_pelvica_01.png "输尿管盆部 (Pelvic part of ureter)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
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:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/vesica-urinaria-3/lshjKMsazVt24ZHv5Jjjvw_Vesica_urinaria_01.png "膀胱 (Urinary bladder)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/detrusor-urinae-muscle/a0y3OO1oT2g4ZIgbxt9qw_M._detrusor_vesicae_02.png "膀胱逼尿肌 (Detrusor vesicae muscle)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ureteric-orifice/HNiown83FpdEG3EQNc8qOQ_Ureteric_orifice.png "输尿管口 (Ureteric orifice)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/interureteral-fold/N83qL8RxbxtALrjDXpRwPA_Plicia_interureterica_02.png "输尿管间襞 (Interureteric fold)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/trigonum-vesicae/oaAcMOP76l3BQbUoCmAaw_Trigonum_vesicae_01.png "膀胱三角 (Trigone of urinary bladder)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/internal-urethral-orifice/mPDF2Z9VhiMM4r8SOWUA8Q_Internal_urethral_orifice.png "尿道内口 (Internal urethral orifice)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/urethra/Jt8j6K5T8hgiRCWZu4aA_Urethra_01.png "尿道 (Urethra)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-sphincter-urethrae-internus/tdss0FRN2y23C5zSm6v5Q_M._sphincter_urethrae_internus_01.png "尿道内括约肌 (Internal urethral sphincter)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-sphincter-urethrae-externus-4/Ji1WuW7ZjFoLyV3w6PHDg_M._sphincter_uhrethrae_externus_01.png "男性尿道外括约肌 (Male external urethral sphincter)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/musculus-sphincter-urethrae-externus-2/r3yXeBRPwoD08HPXCSuEeQ_External_urethral_sphincter.png "女性尿道外括约肌 (Female external urethral sphincter (proper))；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
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:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/opening-of-duct-of-para-urethral-gland-1/z2s9dSJaOl3gAA8HVYkjwA_Opening_of_duct_of_para-urethral_gland_magnified.png "尿道旁腺开口 (Opening of paraurethral gland)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/fossa-navicularis-urethrae/vRTxi9GNjrbtEpuPg137w_Fossa_navicularis_urethrae_01.png "尿道舟状窝 (Navicular fossa of urethra)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
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肾
Kidney
1/20
同义词：
肾脏
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巩固你的知识并查漏补缺。
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小结
| 功能 | 清除体内多余液体和废弃物质；通过尿液生成与排泄调节血容量、血压、pH值及电解质平衡 |
|
上尿路（腹部） |
肾脏：血液过滤、尿液生成；重吸收有用物质（电解质、氨基酸）；将废物排入尿液 输尿管：将尿液从肾脏输送至膀胱 |
| 下尿路（盆部） |
膀胱：尿液储存与排尿控制 尿道：将尿液从膀胱输送至体外（男性尿道还具有射精后输送精液的附加功能） 泌尿系统各器官协同工作，清除血液中多余的液体和其它废物，并储存、运输和排泄尿液。 |
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