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下肢主要骨骼
学习目标
完成本单元的学习后，你将可以：
- 为下肢主要骨骼分组。
- 理解下肢各骨骼之间的解剖位置关系。
- 辨识下肢骨骼构成的主要关节。
浏览图谱
为了方便教学，我们将下肢骨骼分为以下3部分：
- 下肢带骨与大腿骨骼：包括髋骨和股骨
- 小腿骨骼：包括胫骨和腓骨
- 足部骨骼：包括7块跗骨、5块跖骨和14块趾骨
在以下图谱中逐一查看下肢骨骼。
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/hip-bone/jN8swcLAneOgNiJokuSEg_uV4gUZQFMo_os_coxae_2.png "髋骨 (Hip bone)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ilium/Kc2L1bR2zOdx9yphY9ow_Eb7v3qbRxy_os_ilium_2.png "髂骨 (Ilium)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/os-ischii/AeEZLGLTxJinkAq8uV7Fuw_FXqnpBekMk_os_ischii_1.png "坐骨 (Ischium)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/os-pubis/HuYGdUB46QZGgAzuSRX1A_9XAJX65rjT_os_pubis_1.png "耻骨 (Pubis)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/os-femoris/gnqw4TBOkEnE5g7xqh7EA_Femur_01.png "股骨 (Femur)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/patella/ssCW1ZC0OK3HY0uiT407Q_Patella_01.png "髌骨 (Patella)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/tibia/1YrMnYc2ay5XI4jurPZ4zQ_Tibia.png "胫骨 (Tibia)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/fibula/jsZLagN8RtOy6zFUIjG9cw_Fibula.png "腓骨 (Fibula)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/calcaneus/iP2jMJuiClKphJJ0MYGIg_xHqZzsbiWR_Calcaneus.png "跟骨 (Calcaneus)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/talus/mh2AAjwGZlUw2Pt1lhUhQ_rvp4tyYMWn_Talus.png "距骨 (Talus)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/os-naviculare/dS1MiWyD1W3voipIKzPTHg_61TDrZCzni_Os_naviculare_1.png "足舟骨 (Navicular bone)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/os-cuboideum/CEuLG2iSlSeffLssm4YyUg_uPJp6p1WKj_Os_cuboideum.png "骰骨 (Cuboid bone)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/os-cuneiforme-mediale/o0xVc0SmzY0N3wQDbjZFg_PW9GkkMBqD_Os_cuneiforme_mediale_1.png "内侧楔骨 (Medial cuneiform bone)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/intermediate-cuneiform-bone/Xeqjkh9SMs99P2kdOWOJPA_DJJKiA9ChZ_Os_cuneiforme_intermedium_2.png "中间楔骨 (Intermediate cuneiform bone)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/lateral-cuneiform-bone/STiW504zZhqCY0zMGFl5w_EyWM8eEU1c_Os_cuneiforme_laterale_2.png "外侧楔骨 (Lateral cuneiform bone)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ossa-metatarsalia/4mpT5B7Y2Ku0FmRi3cQq0g_P9S8LdMhAC_Ossa_metatarsalia_1.png "跖骨 (Metatarsal bones)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ossa-digitorum-phalanges/4pMaAb5sbyr4bXm82DhLw_U3ksrv2fvu_Ossa_digitorum__phalanges__1.png "趾骨 (Phalanges of foot)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
髋骨
Hip bone
1/17
同义词：
无
现在让我们来了解下肢的主要关节。
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/articulatio-sacroiliaca/ZzTBXyAOEp5TcstuOZbGqg_Sacroiliac_Joint_01.png "骶髂关节 (Sacroiliac joint)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/symphysis-pubis/fhKKPI8jXCfFEvdSkvximg_Symphisis_pubis_01.png "耻骨联合 (Pubic symphysis)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/hip-joint/pFDifcEI3mKBuGnOlaLzNw_Hip_1.png "髋关节 (Hip joint)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/knee/JisrqYGWIMLdVswaJgBSQ_Knee_1.png "膝关节 (Knee joint)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/tibiofibular-joint/j2huk0V4g1aB0IA7iwhlA_Tibiofibular_Joint_01.png "上胫腓关节 (Superior tibiofibular joint)；图像：Irina Münstermann"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/ankle/mEv3twXvgEZeBpV2WTL52A_ankle-2.png "踝关节 (Ankle joint)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/tarsometatarsal-joint/Y5mS7c7ytXTDwC1HBVbocg_tarsometatarsal_joint.png "跗跖关节 (Tarsometatarsal joints)；图像：Paul Kim"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/metatarsophalangeal-joints-2/F6Ik7Gixu8mXifVmuRCPw_metatarsophalangeal_1-5.png "跖趾关节 (Metatarsophalangeal joints)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/articulationes-interphalangeae-pedis/XoMZXztbPap4twTqfBEGOQ_Interphalangeal_foot_01.png "足趾间关节 (Interphalangeal joints of foot)；图像：Liene Znotina"){kind=logo}
骶髂关节
Sacroiliac joint
1/9
同义词：
SI关节
进行测验
请通过我们的测验来巩固所学的下肢骨骼知识。
小结
下肢带骨和大腿骨骼 |
髋骨（髂骨、坐骨和耻骨）、股骨和髌骨 |
小腿 |
胫骨和腓骨 |
足 |
跗骨：跟骨、距骨、足舟骨、骰骨、内侧楔骨、中间楔骨和外侧楔骨 跖骨：第1~5跖骨 趾骨：近节趾骨（5块）、中节趾骨（4块）、远节趾骨（5块） |
| 主要关节 | 骶髂关节、耻骨联合、髋关节、膝关节、上胫腓关节、踝关节、跗骨间关节、跗跖关节、跖趾关节和趾间关节 |
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