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跟骨
学习目标
完成本单元的学习后，你将可以：
- 掌握跟骨的主要分区及骨性标志。
- 熟悉跟骨参与构成的关节。
- 熟悉附着于跟骨的主要肌肉、肌腱和韧带。
浏览图谱
跟骨，又称脚跟骨，是足部最大的骨骼，位于距骨正下方。它和两块骨骼相关节：距骨和骰骨。跟骨是足部力学结构的重要基础，它和距骨构成距跟关节，又和骰骨构成跟骰关节。跟骨是许多肌肉和韧带的附着点，它是小腿肌群的短力臂。小腿的肌肉通过跟腱止于跟骨后方的骨面，使得其在承重和维持身体稳定性中发挥着重要作用。
学习以下图谱，深入了解跟骨的骨性标志、关节面特征及其相关关节的韧带支撑结构。
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/627/3er0mnUmep262hfDKSwbIg_calcaneus-superior-and-posterior-view_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_5000_10percent.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/overview_image/3301/7Xg41TxELqSvpza0sVJWw_calcaneus-medial-and-lateral-view_cn.jpg){kind=logo}
浏览下方图谱，详细了解跟骨的骨面特征与骨性标志。
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/corpus-calcanei/ycnY6u1ImkBXDl8FcMOXBw_Calcaneal_body_01.png "跟骨体 (Body of calcaneus)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/facies-articularis-talaris-posterior-calcanei/Ic42EcBJLCG5qOHOS6ReQA_Posterior_talar_artiular_surface_of_calcaneus_01.png "后距关节面 (Posterior talar articular surface of calcaneus)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/facies-articularis-talaris-media-calcanei/8rfbKNeArB5ufPSVnTIHeQ_Middle_talar_articular_surface_of_calcaneus_01.png "中距关节面 (Middle talar articular surface of calcaneus)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/facies-articularis-talaris-anterior-calcanei/v3EYyqrqwZiNS8g6wkFUg_Anterior_talar_articular_surface_of_calcaneus_01.png "前距关节面 (Anterior talar articular surface of calcaneus)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/facies-articularis-cuboidea-calcanei/fe4IVGiZjQ4V647H3kYN2w_Articular_surface_for_cuboid_01.png "骰关节面 (Articular surface for cuboid of calcaneus)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/sulcus-calcanei/0yVyO7DwspwWHZhy7u974A_Calcaneal_sulcus_01.png "跟骨沟 (Calcaneal sulcus)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/sustentaculum-tali/qYx4fhxdqsEPf6Jg59s79Q_Sustentaculum_tali_01.png "载距突 (Sustentaculum tali of calcaneus)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/sulcus-tendinis-musculi-flexoris-hallucis-longi/qOt9n38yEVCUqZPp7uoawA_Groove_for_tendon_of_FHL_on_calcaneus_01.png "𧿹长屈肌腱沟 (Groove for tendon of flexor hallucis longus muscle of calcaneus)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/trochlea-fibularis-calcanei/LHCyyxGnDrtcP1IDi4yCWQ_Fibular_trochlea_of_calcaneus_01.png "腓骨肌滑车 (Fibular trochlea of calcaneus)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/tuber-calcanei-2/ATcd4y9PkJme0g4C1YJ6Tg_Calcaneal_tuberosity_01.png "跟骨结节 (Calcaneal tuberosity)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/processus-medialis-tuberis-calcanei-2/ZO4HtYoCEZUH5WTiIZSQ__Medial_process_of_calcaneal_tuberosity_01.png "跟骨结节内侧突 (Medial process of calcaneal tuberosity)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
:watermark(/images/watermark_only.png,0,0,0):watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0):format(jpeg)/images/learnable/processus-lateralis-tuberis-calcanei-2/CvSofmPu2tVBv8atnQK8bw__Lateral_process_of_calcaneal_tuberosity_01.png "跟骨结节外侧突 (Lateral process of calcaneal tuberosity)；图像：Samantha Zimmerman"){kind=logo}
跟骨体
Body of calcaneus
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同义词：
无
进行测验
学习图谱以后，你已掌握了足够的知识来挑战我们的测验。
现在就来挑战自己，巩固所学知识。
小结
| 表面 | 上、内、外和下 |
| 骨性标志 | 跟骨沟、截距突、𧿹长屈肌腱沟、腓骨肌滑车、跟骨结节、跟骨结节内外侧突和跟骨前突 |
| 关节连接 |
距跟关节：距骨和跟骨 跟骰关节：跟骨和骰骨 |
| 附着结构 |
跟骨沟：距跟骨间韧带、距跟外侧韧带、距跟前韧带（颈韧带）和伸肌下支持带内侧根 非关节区：趾短伸肌、伸肌下支持带主束和分叉韧带主干 载距突：屈肌支持带、跟舟足底韧带、内侧副韧带（三角韧带）、距跟内侧韧带、趾长屈肌、胫骨后肌和足底方肌 腓骨肌滑车：跟腓韧带 跟骨后面：足底长韧带、跟骰足底韧带（足底短韧带）、跟腱、足底方肌和跖肌 跟骨结节内侧突：屈肌支持带浅层、足底腱膜、踇展肌和趾短屈肌 跟骨结节外侧突：小趾展肌 |
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